What´s Homeostasis Essay examples - 1623 Words

Homeostasis is the human body’s maintenance of stable, constant internal conditions. To achieve this equilibrium consistently in various environmental circumstances, internal and external factors are monitored and altered as the body requires. Different types of receptors are responsible for detecting specific environmental stimuli. For example Chemoreceptors detect changes in chemical concentrations within the blood (eg. Carbon Dioxide (CO2), pH and Oxygen (O2)) and Mechanoreceptors detect sound, touch and pressure. The nervous system and the endocrine (hormonal) system both act as regulatory pathways, linked primarily by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the brain. They are used by the body to communicate disturbances in response†¦show more content†¦This is done by glands, such as the pituitary, adrenal and thyroid, as well as organs such as the pancreas, kidneys and reproductive systems. It is this system that is primarily responsible for the fluctuation of blood glucose. The main two hormones which effect its regulatory are insulin, produced from ÃŽ ² (beta) cells and glucagon, produced from ÃŽ ± (alpha) cells in the pancreas. 3) As can been seen in the diagram above, Insulin acts as an extracellular signalling molecule, attaching itself to receptors on the membrane of cells. This communicates a signal which triggers receptor proteins, Gluts, to allow the transfusion of glucose through the plasma membrane. This process causes a steady drop in blood glucose concentration and gives cells the necessary energy to function. Glucagon acts as a hormone which can raise the blood glucose level by stimulating the conversion of glycogen into glucose as seen in the equation below. Glycogen is stored in the liver as an energy storage polysaccharide, however it must by broken down into glucose, as a monosaccharide, before it can become usable. Glucagon and insulin act as increase/ decrease effectors of a feedback system in order to maintain glucose concentration in the blood between about 80 and 130 mg/dl. When glucose concentration is below the equilibrium, the drop is detected the pancreas. Low blood sugar is called hypoglycemia (hypo meaning low). Glucagon is then released by pancreatic alphaShow MoreRelatedHow Does Homeostasis Affect Homeostasis1413 Words   |  6 Pages Affects on Homeostasis When biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival is Homeostasis. Homeostasis is kept in order by dynamic equilibrium, in which changes occur, but resists outside forces of change. However when a system is disturbed, feedback mechanisms control take action to reestablish a new balance. Homeostasis is important because by maintaining homeostasis, organisms remain healthy, strong and stable, with protection fromRead MoreThe Process Of Homeostasis And Homeostasis1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe Process of Homeostasis In order for our bodies to function effectively, there is a series of events that occur at the biological and chemical level in our bodies. These events enable the human body to withstand various stresses that may be imposed on our bodies. These â€Å"events† that occur are more specifically known as the process of homeostasis. In this essay I will be discussing the process of homeostasis and how homeostasis works. Furthermore, I am discussing thermoregulation, osmoregulationRead MoreHomeostasis And Background Information : Homeostasis1048 Words   |  5 PagesRaymond Yee Southerd Physiology 6 22 September 2015 Lab 1: Homeostasis Background Information: Homeostasis is the ability or tendency to maintain internal stability in an organism to adjust to the environmental changes. An example of homeostasis is a thermostat that operates by switching heaters and air-conditioners on and off in response to the temperature inputs’ change. The two types of homeostasis that occurs are positive and negative feedback loops. In a positive feedback loop, an organismRead MoreEvolution Of A Common Single Celled Origin1278 Words   |  6 PagesBiology, there are four â€Å"Big Ideas†. The first one is â€Å"The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life†. The second is â€Å"Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis†. The third is described as, â€Å"Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes.† And finally the four is â€Å"biological systems interact, and these systems and their interaction possess complex properties†Read MoreA Brief Note On Coagulation And Clotting Factors Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pagescompensatory mechanisms of homeostasis are quickly overwhelmed and the inability to clot, coagulopathy, becomes a new concern. Clotting factors are essentially tied up, causing excessive bleeding and an ironic change in the blood’s ability to clot. This is a life-threatening condition which could lead to bleeding into the organs. When disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs over an extended period it can be considered a chronic condition. With this change in the body s homeostasis and unlike an acuteRead MoreThe Human Body: A Finely-Tuned Machine Essay example1241 Words   |  5 Pageshuman being. Also, homeostasis, the regulatory of body temperature plays a survival role in maintaining body functions. The integumentary system (skin) is the largest, and the most important part of the body. The skin is just one of t he organ systems that will be discussed (Thibodeau Patton, 2008). The body is expected to perform specific duties at specific times the organ systems as a whole, the most important organ system the integumentary system, and homeostasis, are what enables the bodyRead MoreExplain The Essence Of Homeostasis1241 Words   |  5 Pages 1. Explain the essence of homeostasis. Why is it crucial for the bodily systems to maintain homeostasis? Homeostasis is the property of a system where the variable which could be a substance or temperature, is active and regulated to always remain constant. This regulation occurs inside a defined environment. A primary example is a humans body temperature. It is crucial for the bodily systems to maintain homeostasis because that is how cells and organs function properly. A primary example is whenRead MoreCell injury and cell death Essay example628 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"Common biochemical themes are important to understanding cell injury and cell death regardless of the injuring agent† (Heuther McCance, 2012). Cellular injury arises when a cell is unable to sustain homeostasis. The injury can be reversed if the cell can recover from whatever damage was done but if it does not recover the cell will die. The three common forms of cell injury are hypoxic injury, fr ee radicals and reactive oxygen species injury, and chemical injury. The most common form of cellRead More##c Effects Of Feoptoxic Effects Of Maternal Ethanol ( E ) Intake?725 Words   |  3 Pagessubpopulation of cells with the lowest GSH content and normalizing this redox imbalance by stabilizing neuron GSH content prevents the neuron death [5]. Thus, a mechanism underlying E-induced fetal neuron apoptotic death is OS which has propelled research into what is now called redox control of teratogenesis [15, 16] or the â€Å"Redox Hypothesis† (Figure 1). This redox hypothesis is a disruption of cellular redox circuits which are maintained by thiol disulfide couples including GSH/GSSG and cysteine/cystineRead MoreEndocrine System Is The Most Important System1414 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever wondered what endocrine system is or what it does? Ever wondered what it was made up of or how it helps with functioning our bodies? Well, the endocrine system is really important just as all the other systems in our bodies are important to us. The end ocrine system is made up of multiple glands in our body that are used for the production and secretion of hormones into the blood stream. The endocrine system helps us in our growth and controlling the body s metabolic activity for everyday

Convert to Vegetarianism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 971 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Vegetarian Essay Did you like this example? In the United States 4% of men and 7% of women are defined as vegetarians Worldwide, vegetarians total 375 million (Figus et al.). There are many different types of vegetarians from those who do not eating anything that comes from an animal to those who just do not eat red meat. A highly common question asked is why choose the vegetarian diet? Everyone should be on the vegetarian diet because it is cruel to kill animals for food, humankind live longer on the diet, it is easier and more efficient to raise food for humans than animals, it is more environmentally friendly to not raise animals for meat, and it decreases chronical illness.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Convert to Vegetarianism" essay for you Create order Some people go on the vegetarian diet because they feel it is wrong to kill animals for food. They believe that animals should be treated with more respect and that it is inhumane. That killing animals is not compassionate and is cruel. Scientists saw that animals were not only able to feel pain, but also capable of practical reasoning: they could learn and remember, and perceive connections between different phenomena (Sorabji). Animals can feel, learn and also remember just like humans can. Killing animals for food is not even necessary. There are many other thing to eat and get a full nutritionition diet. Vegetarians eat vegetables, grains, fruits, and legumes. Some vegetarians dont eat any animal products such as milk and cheese they are called vegans. Some humans would say that eating meat is not cruel, it is a natural part of the cycle of life. That everyone on earth dies or is killed at one point in life so others can live, It is not natural for humankind to kill. Children have been taught since they are little that it is not wrong to kill animals to eat; that is not natural. Humans are the only mammals that drink another animals milk. Nothing that humans drink and eat is a natural part of life. Humankind live longer while on the diet. It has been scientifically proven that vegetarians live longer because they are more conscientious about their body getting a balance nutritious diet. Vegetarian need to be careful and have a well planned diet to get all the nutritions and vitamins that are need for the body to function. With vegetarians so focused on what they are putting in their bodies, they are getting a extremely healthy diet, which is helping them to live longer. Vegetarians live longer with having a well-planned, balanced diet with sufficient fruit and vegetables (Ding). Some people say that the vegetarian diet does not affect how long someone lives. That the whole thing is just a myth, but scientist have proven that with the way vegetarians are eating, they are more aware of what the put in their bodies and choose to only put healthy foods in. Although animal protein has high amounts of iron, protein and other minerals it also has high amounts of cholesterol and saturated fats that cause heart disease, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Also eating too much meat causes cancer such as colon cancer and stomach cancer. The vegetarian diet decreases chronical illness. Risk of death from cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, infections, kidney disease, liver disease or lung disease all increased with the amount of meat consumed, and those people with the highest meat intake doubled their chances of dying from chronic liver disease. On the vegetarian diet humankind get the right amount of nutrients for the body. Those who eat a vegetarian diet have a lower risk for chronic diseases, which ultimately translates into longer, healthier living(Reeves). One issue people have with the vegetarian diet is that their is not enough source of protein. That the diet does not give enough protein to function. However there are many ways to get protein, such as cheese, beans, tofu, mushrooms, and jackfruit. While being a vegetarian you need to carefully plan what you eat to get a fully balanced diet with all the nutrients and vitamins needed. Forty percent of grain in the world is used for feeding animals. Just in the united states 800 million people could be fed by the grain fed to animals each year. Beef take 100,000 milliliters per kilogram. In contrast potatoes take 500 milligrams of water per kilogram( ). Humans can see the huge inefficient loss of water due due to the use of crops for feeding animals. Overgrazing is a huge problem which causes loss of soil due to erosion by both water and wind erosion. When hiking humans can see the degradation of the land due to overgrazing. They can also see the degradation of the streams and creeks due to cows destroying the riparian environment by eating the willows and plants near the water. The use of fossil fuels are the highest per kilogram per liter in beef production. Our fossil fuels would be better used in the production of plastics and other things that only can be created by crude oil. Also the raising and consuming of meat is a huge contribution to greenhouse gases. The amazon forest is being cut down to raise crops to feed to beef and other animals. Cows produce large amounts of methane which is many times more potent in causing global warming. Cow manure also produces large amounts of ammonia which is a big factor in acid rain. The vegetarian diet is the supreme diet for humankind. It is inhumane it kill animals just to eat them, for they can feel just as humans do. On the vegetarian diet you learn to balance your nutritions and vitamins to live a healthy long life. With the vegetarian diet you have higher chance of living longer and have a decrease in chronical illnesses. In all, the vegetarian diet is the perfect way to live long and happy life.

The theme of isolation in Great Expectations through...

Question: How does Dickens in his portrayal of Miss Havisham explore the theme of isolation? The oldest of eight children, Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth in 1812. Dickens experienced a very traumatic childhood which included the ordeal of seeing two of his brother pass away. John Dickens, his father, worked as a clerk in the Navy Pay Office, due to his occupation, the Dickens family had to move a lot. Financial problems led to the imprisonment of John Dickens, who couldnt afford to look after all his family. The whole of Charles Dickens family soon followed in suite, except for Charles himself though. Instead Charles was taken out of school and made to work in a filthy warehouse, sticking labels on bottles of boot-black for long†¦show more content†¦Her shoes were white...she had a long white veil... here Dickens uses repetition to further strengthen his point, and effectively portray the theme of isolation. As already noted, Miss Havishams character is very melodramatic, and highly unrealistic, but her theatrical character is used as a weapon by Dickens to strongly emphasise his belief that the rich of the time were arrogant and selfish. The very fact that she took the decision to separate herself from the rest of society brings up two different points, the first is that she only had that option open because of her wealth, and it is because of her stubbornness and arrogance that she chooses this path. Here Dickens is trying to emphasise the point that the rich have an open door of choice, which the poor dont have, but their sheer arrogance and stubbornness makes them choose to ignore going through the hard way, and trying to piece back together their lives, rather they opt to take the easier way out and completely separate themselves from the rest of society. The second point that Dickens is trying to put across is that the women of the time were over-reliant on men, when Miss Havisham was jilted on her wedding day, she chose there and then, that she would no longer be able to go on, because of the need of a manly figure in her life.S how MoreRelatedGreat Expectations: Wealth as an Agent of Isolation1975 Words   |  8 PagesGreat Expectations: Wealth as an Agent of Isolation In Charles Dickens novel, Great Expectations, Dickens conveys the idea that wealth leads to isolation. The novel begins when Pip, a young orphan, encounters an escaped convict in a cemetery. Despite Pips efforts to help this terrifying personage, the convict is still captured and transported to Australia. Pip is then introduced into the wealthy yet decaying home of Miss Havisham where he meets Estella, a little girl who takes pleasure inRead MoreEssay Analysis of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens5944 Words   |  24 PagesAnalysis of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Charles Dickens, the revolutionary 19th century novelist, wrote a bildungsroman of Phillip Pirrip (Pip) and the reality of his own â€Å"Great Expectations† in his pursuit to become a gentleman. In Chapter 8, the reader is introduced to Miss Havisham and Estella and this is where Pip first becomes dissatisfied with the life at the forge. There were many writers in Dickens’ day whose works are no longer read; this is possibly because DickensRead MoreQuestions On Great Expectations 1772 Words   |  8 PagesAnswers for Evaluating Literature- Great Expectations 1. This title signifies Pip’s expectancy for his monetary inheritance, referred to as his expectations. It also refers to the expectations he has for life, such as his expectation to become a gentleman and marrying Estella. 2. The story takes place during the 19th century in England, in North Kent and London. Pip, has conflicting feelings about both locations. Pip doesn’t particularly like Kent, but before he left, it held a place of sanctuaryRead MoreHow Does Dickens Create Sympathy for Pip at the Beginning of the Novel?956 Words   |  4 Pages‘Great Expectations’ is a highly acclaimed novel written by Charles Dickens first published in 1861, which follows the journey of a young boy commonly known as Pip (his Christian name being Phillip Pirrip) who is born into a middle-class family but goes on to receive riches from a mysterious benefactor in order to pursue his childhood dream in becoming a gentleman. The story is written in first person with Charles Dickens writing back about the experiences of Pip. Although it isn’t his autobiographyRead MoreGreat Expectations Chapters 7-25 Essay4159 Words   |  17 PagesGreat Expectations (Chapters 7-25) Chapter 7 1. Dickens is noted for giving his characters names that are descriptive to their personalities. The names often sound like other words or are a pun. How could Mrs. Wopsle’s name be descriptive of her personality? Mrs. Wopsles name describes her personality because â€Å"Wopsle† sounds like â€Å"wobble† and Mrs. Wopsle is has a very wobbly and carefree personality. 2. How are Biddy and Pip alike? Biddy and Pip are alike because they were both â€Å"brought upRead MoreDickens Creation of Sympathy for His Characters in Great Expectations2048 Words   |  9 PagesDickens Creation of Sympathy for His Characters in Great Expectations Charles Dickens was born on February 7th 1812, the son of John and Elizabeth Dickens. John Dickens was a clerk in the naval pay office. He had a poor head for finances and in 1824 found himself imprisoned for debt. His wife and children (with the exception of Charles) were, as was normal, imprisoned with him. Charles was put to work at Warrens Blacking Factory, where conditions were terrible. When his Read MoreThe Plague by Albert Camus1001 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Out of Time Time is only running out, and it is one of the most vital and overlooked qualities of life. Albert Camus highlights the theme of time in his 1947 novel, The Plague. Through the use of allegory and point of view, Camus substantiates that when people are not aware of time and its advancing, they are wasting the precious and limited time of their lives. He constantly establishes that the amount of consciousness obtained by a person is the difference between spending time wisely

Is HR Indispensible or Obsolete for Companies - 1233 Words

Austen Williams Pers/Human Res Mgmt MGMT-302-410 HR Is Dead, Long Live HR HR Is Dead, Long Live HR Within this article the author explains about two elements dealing with the Human Resource department within a company. These two elements are whether HR is indispensible or obsolete for companies. Firstly, this article explains how HR is becoming obsolete. This is through many companies outsourcing their HR department. This allows them to spend less money on staff, and reap the benefits of a more timely and accurate department. As shown through the outsourcing BP decided to do with their HR department. With the outsourcing of the lower level HR department positions there has been a significant amount of employees being laid†¦show more content†¦This article was thorough in telling how the human resources department and the marketing department could work together in order to insure a better overall organization. I personally liked this article, it reminded me of some of the problems and issues I dealt with when working for a particular organization. While reading th is article I picked up on the fact that one of the main purposes of this article was to tell the readers/organizations that for the organization to work better as a whole and not just parts of a whole, employees need to be well rounded within the organization. This includes knowing all the employees can know about the organization and what it is that makes the organization work. The organization that I was referring to that I personally worked for was Walgreen’s. When I first started I was just a cashier however I ended up moving around to every department within that particular store other than management, personally knowing about each department helped me out as an employee. I was able to explain to customers better and questions or concerns they had about any part of the store. Knowing about the company and the different departments and or products within the organization truly benefits each employee in doing a better job for that organization. This article has enormous amounts of information that not only deals with this

Colin Poole (2239 words) Essay Example For Students

Colin Poole (2239 words) Essay Colin Poole HIST 308 First Paper Throughout the Antebellum era,one issue that large in part contributed to the political and social climate of the era was the issue of slavery in the United States. This would be the subject of bitter debate over the years,culminating in the American Civil War. Before that,numerous writers and orators,both black and white,wrote and spoke on the issue,some with more moderate,peaceful views,and some with more militant,at times violent views regarding the issue of slavery. One of the more peaceful voices of the discussion was Frederick Douglass. Born into slavery,Douglass escaped his enslavement in Maryland as a young man. Upon arriving in New York,he married Anne Murray,and theysettled in New Bedford,MA to begin their life together. As Douglass became older,he became a prominent voice of the abolitionist,becoming a leader in both New York and Massachusetts. Douglass quickly became famous for incredible talent for oration,and for his passion and measure in fighting slavery. Regarded as perhaps the most prominent black abolitionist of his day,Frederick Douglass impacted the abolitionist movement and societys view of black Americans ina remarkable,reverberating way,and redefined the way American slavery literature was written. Frederick Douglass began writing and speaking during a time when the division within the Union was prominent for all to see.At this time,Douglass had a heavy hand in bringing attention to the debate of slavery.Douglass accomplished muchthroughout his life.Born aslave in 1817in Maryland,heeducated himself and became determined to escape the atrocities of slavery.Douglassattempted to escape slavery once,but failed.He later made hissuccessful escape in 1838.After settling in New Bedford,Douglasss abolitionist careerbegan at an antislavery convention at Nantucket,Massachusetts.Here,he first demonstrated his skills as a powerful and eloquent orator.Douglass became involved with many importantabolitionistcauses,through his literary works,through his work with theUndergroundRailroad (Aptheker, 1989).Due to theincreasing stringency of fugitive slave laws,Douglass found himselfin danger ofbeing captured and returned to slavery.To avoid this,he left America,and stayed in the British Isles.The re he lectured on slavery,and found similar popularity among abolition-minded British people. Some of these peopleraised money topurchase his freedom.In 1847,Douglass relocated to Rochester,New York,and becamethe person in charge of the Underground Railroad.Here he also began the abolitionistnewspaper North Star,which he edited until 1860(Bowers, 2010). During this period,Douglass became friends with another well-known Americanabolitionist,John Brown.Brown was involved with the Underground Railroad,and laterwanted Douglass to join him on terroristic attacks on a United States government arsenalat Harpers Ferry.Douglass declined to participate in such activities.In the aftermath of John Browns attack on Harpers Ferry,Douglass fled for a time to Canada,fearing that his association with John Brown could threaten him.He returnedafter several months,and supported AbrahamLincolns campaign for president.FrederickDouglass remained a prominent figure of black abolitionismbefore dying in 1895,inWashington,D.C(Aptheker, 1989). Frederick Douglasss life as a slavenaturallyhad the greatest impact on his writings.With his experiences,Douglasss experience as a former slave allowed him to paint a rather vivid picture for his audiences the cruelty the life of a slave was fraught with.Douglass recounted cruel instances ofwhippings,inadequate meals,and other harshtreatmentin a detailed way.His thirst for freedom,and his burning hatred of slavery caused him to writeNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass,and other similarworks.InhisNarrative,Douglass wrote the complete story of his miserablelife as a slave and his strife to obtain freedom.Douglasss youthful motivationwas to make it through another day so that someday he might seefreedomeventually.This would,unsurprisingly,become the subject of Douglasss writings. While these books all start with Douglasscoping with slavery,though as he was noted for his strong communication skills his writings served another purpose.As acommittedabolitionist,Douglass presented the brutality and inhumanity of slavery in an eloquent,urgent,and convincing way.Through telling his story,he won the hearts and minds of many who found themselves disgusted by the abhorrent institution of human enslavement(McFeely, 2011). Technology and Education Essay Bontemps,Arna.100 Years Of Negro Freedom.Westport,Connecticut: GreenwoodPress,Publishers,1980. Bowers, Jerome.Frederick Douglass, Accessed June 3, 2010. Douglass, Frederick.Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings.Chicago Review Press, 2000.pp.260-71. McFeeley,William.Frederick Douglass.New York: W.W.Norton Company,1991.

Why Did Prohibition Last so Long free essay sample

Prohibition of Alcohol in America was introduced in 1920 with the 18th amendment of the constitution and was finally revoked in 1933. Prohibition was always considered a failure, due to the way it was policed, the fact the American people at the time liked to drink and the fact that alcohol was very easily accessible. Therefore the fact it lasted thirteen years, despite it being obvious within the first five that things were not working, seems incomprehensible. There are a number of factors which worked together to make prohibition last as long as it did. The most important being morale reasons behind introducing it at first, but the popularity of prohibition, the time it to repeal a law and the fact it didn’t really affect people’s lives too much also had an effect. The primary reason for Prohibition lasting so long was the morale reasons that we used to get the law passed in the first place still stood and people sympathised with them. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did Prohibition Last so Long? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example many women’s groups saw alcohol as a means by which men oppressed them, and also though that the money spent on drink could be better used amongst the family with raising children and other general necessities. This attitude didn’t stop during the prohibition years as people were still drinking and hence propaganda regarding prohibition still bore the pictures of families with mothers and children longing for their husbands/fathers to support prohibition. The Woman’s Temperance society played a big part in this. It wasn’t just the domestic morals which were attacked by prohibition it was the industrial ones too. Big businesses saw drunkenness as something that led to danger and more importantly inefficiency in the work place, particularly in large factories where hazardous machinery was used. For example the Rockefeller Corporation and Heinz supported prohibition in the interest of greater workforce efficiency. Similarly, this was always an aspect that could be improved so the big businesses didn’t stop supporting prohibition. The Church also had an influence. At the time, America was a very religious country, especially in the southern States and many of the religious groups believed alcohol was the work of the devil and was a predominant reason for sin and wrongdoing. During all the year the prohibition was running, the Church never went back on this stance and consequently the people still tended to believe in prohibition. Arguable the most prominent morale cause for prohibition lasting so long was the aspect of national pride and that you were ‘letting your country down’ if you drank beer or and form of alcohol. The reasoning behind this was due to the First World War. Many of the largest brewers, such as Pabst, Ruppert and Leiber were of German origin. Their businesses had helped to finance the German war effort so after the war when prohibition was in full effect, there was still a very heavy anti –German feeling amongst the Americans and hence they thought it was unpatriotic to drink from these companies. As prohibition progressed and the Red Scare and the consequent anti Russian feeling emerged, a very similar stance was taken towards spirits, which were produced and manufactured in Russia and the Soviet Union. A further reason that helps explain why prohibition lasted so long was that there was actually some successes to prohibition. Throughout the more rural states and areas, it was a huge success as this area was populated and supported but the White Anglo Saxon Protestants (WASPs). They agreed with the church and all the propaganda behind starting the prohibition at first and we fully behind it. It wasn’t just in the rural areas though; over the country it was having success. Alcohol consumption did fall from an average of 2. gallons per person per year before 1917 to one gallon in 1930. In addition to this, arrests for drunkenness crimes related to drunkenness also fell, as did deaths from alcoholism. These statistics were obviously fed back to Congress as, seeing as their policy was working, they can’t have seen a reason to stop it if it was achieving their goals that it set out to do, despite the discrepancies that were occurring. A further success that would have stopped congress from repealing the 18th amendment was that of crime rates. It is heavily publicized that organized crime went up considerably, and this was a potential reason to change the law, however violent crime did not increase despite what is assumed. There were far less arrests made during the time of prohibition for violent acts than there was before prohibition started. Despite the rise of organised crime there was always this type of crime before and after the prohibition period, so politicians argued that prohibition was not the main cause for the rise in gangsters and their participation in organised crime. This can mean that congress were happy with the reduced crime overall and saw no reason serious enough to do with crime to revoke the 18th amendment. Another reason that the US government decided against revoking the 18th amendment earlier than when they did was that prohibition was actually quite a popular amendment, in and of itself, amongst the people, the actual reason they didn’t always adhere or claim to not like it was due to the fact that it was poorly policed and the execution of trying to enforce the law was poorly done. This was highlighted in the Wickersham Commission. It was Herbert Hoover who established this commission and he found that people supported prohibition but found contempt among average Americans and unworkable enforcement across the states, corruption in police ranks, local politics and problems in every community that attempted to enforce prohibition laws. A further example of how popular the prohibition law was is through Al Smith’s election campaign in 1928. Al Smith was a committed ‘wet’; someone who was anti prohibition and one of his policies when running for president was to stop prohibition. This caused a major split in the Democratic Party and amongst America as a whole. The country and Party split north and south over it with the South fervently voting to keep prohibition and the north looking for the law to be relaxed. Hence, due to no side really getting the upper hand and the South and WASPs strongly for it, there wasn’t enough public demand for it to be repealed hence nothing was done. Such was the strong feelings for prohibition in Mississippi they kept the law as a state law until 1966. In addition to this, the fact that there was no clear majority either way it took a long to eventually change the law due to the way the constitution is set up. It took a very considerable time for clear groups to emerge as strongly anti prohibition too, many people grumbled about it but few were actually decisive enough to go about trying to change it back. It wasn’t really until the 1928 election and AL Smith that groups started to emerge strongly against prohibition with strong political backing. From then on it took another five years to build up the support behind the motion, so that the government under Roosevelt wanted to revoke the amendment as soon as he became president. Finally, the fact that people’s lives were not affected to such a great extent that people feared in the first place, definitely has an effect in why it lasted so long. Alcohol was very readily available for many people. This was done through transforming industrial alcohol into an alcoholic drink called moonshine; this alcohol was available from many places. A further way to acquire alcohol was to buy it off a bootlegger. These people often bought medicinal alcohol (whisky, vodka, run) from chemists and then sold it onto to people who wanted it. The biggest form of accessible alcohol was through speakeasies. These illegal bars were situated in most big cities and most people knew where they were if you wanted to obtain a beverage. Such was the ease of access to alcohol, no-one really made a fuss about the rules because it wasn’t depriving them of what they wanted, hence they were very happy to go along with it and cheat the system as much as they liked. Therefore, there were not as many uprisings and protests about the lack of alcohol, meaning there was no pressure on the government to change the law and rescind prohibition. In conclusion, prohibition lasted so long for a number of factors, the most important being the morale reasons put forward by groups of women (Women’s Temperance Society), the church and big business. These morale views were not going to deteriorate over night, if ever and so they still persuaded the people of the United States that not drinking alcohol was the best course of action. Added to this, the factor that many believed that drinking alcohol would aid the Germans because they would be giving money to them through buying beer, which was imported from Germany. Furthermore, the limited success of prohibition served a purpose in making the politicians think that their policy was working and that people were not drinking and so they saw no need to retract their policy they had put in place. Finally the lack of solid support for the abolishment of prohibition meant that there was no pressure onto the government from the people because they were not experiencing any trouble getting hold of alcohol, hence didn’t feel the need to complain. All these factors combined together to make prohibition last as long as it did.